Which of the following was a component of the New Deal?

The New Deal, implemented during the Great Depression under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, aimed to address the economic turmoil and provide relief, recovery, and reform to the American people. One of its most significant components was the establishment of Social Security legislation. This initiative introduced a social insurance program designed to provide financial assistance to the elderly, disabled, and survivors of deceased workers, helping to alleviate poverty and provide a safety net for vulnerable populations.

Social Security represents a pivotal shift in government policy, instead of solely focusing on economic recovery through direct financial aid, it created a long-term support system that has continued to influence American social policy to this day. The program was a cornerstone of Roosevelt's vision for a more equitable society and demonstrated the government's commitment to the welfare of its citizens during times of economic hardship.

The other choices presented do not align with the core initiatives of the New Deal. While military expansion, immigration reform, and foreign trade agreements are important topics in U.S. history, they did not constitute essential components of the New Deal’s strategies to combat the Great Depression.