What triggered the War of 1812 between the United States and Britain?

The War of 1812 was primarily triggered by British interference with American trade. During this period, the British were involved in ongoing conflicts with France. To undermine the French war effort, the British imposed trade restrictions on neutral parties, including the United States. This led to the confiscation of American ships and cargoes, as the British navy sought to enforce their trade blockades against France.

The U.S. government strongly opposed these actions, viewing them as violations of neutral rights and an infringement on American sovereignty. Additionally, the British practice of impressment, where American sailors were forcibly taken to serve in the British navy, further escalated tensions. These trade disruptions and disrespect for American maritime rights were key factors that contributed to popular support for declaring war against Britain in 1812.

While American expansionism and territorial desires were relevant to the broader context of U.S. interests, they were not the immediate catalyst for the conflict like the issues related to trade interference were.