What advantage did the North have over the South during the Civil War?

The North possessed significant advantages during the Civil War, notably a larger population and better transportation infrastructure. The larger population provided the North with a greater pool of manpower to draft soldiers and sustain its armies over time. This demographic advantage facilitated the North's ability to replace losses and maintain larger forces on the battlefield.

Additionally, the North’s extensive transportation network, which included railroads and steamboats, enabled efficient movement of troops, supplies, and equipment. This logistical capability was crucial for sustaining long military campaigns and ensuring that supply lines remained intact. The combination of these factors resulted in the North having a considerable operational edge over the South throughout the conflict.