In which year did Malcolm X become a Muslim and start advocating for black nationalism?

Malcolm X's conversion to Islam and his subsequent advocacy for black nationalism began in the early 1950s, but it was in 1964 that he took significant steps to publicize and formalize his beliefs. During this year, after a pilgrimage to Mecca, Malcolm's views evolved to include a broader perspective on racial unity and global human rights while still focusing on black nationalism. This year marks a critical point in his activism where he expanded his message about independence and self-determination for African Americans.

The year 1965 is notable as it reflects the time shortly after he was tragically assassinated, emphasizing the peak of his influence in the civil rights movement and the national stage. Therefore, 1964 is the year when his advocacy distinctly gained traction, leading up to his influential speeches and engagement on a larger scale, making it the most relevant year when discussing the start of his true activism focused on black nationalism.